🔍 What Is Cauliflower Ear?

“Cauliflower ear” refers to the wrinkled, deformed appearance of a cat’s ear following a hematoma—a blood pocket between the ear cartilage and skin. When blood accumulates, normal circulation to cartilage is disrupted. Once the blood resolves, scar tissue and fibrosis can reshape the ear into its characteristic crinkled form :contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3}.

⚠️ Why It Happens

• Head shaking or scratches: Often due to an ear infection, mites, allergies, or foreign bodies—these actions rupture tiny vessels in the ear flap :contentReference[oaicite:4]{index=4}.
• Trauma or fights: Direct hits, bites, or trauma may also cause hematomas :contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5}.
• Underlying health issues: Less commonly, blood clotting disorders or fragility may be involved :contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6}.

🚩 Signs & Symptoms

• Swollen, soft ear flap—often warm and spongy :contentReference[oaicite:7]{index=7}.
• Pain—cats shake their head, scratch ears, or tilt their heads :contentReference[oaicite:8]{index=8}.
• If untreated, ear becomes wrinkled, thickened, and resembles cauliflower :contentReference[oaicite:9]{index=9}.

🔬 Diagnosis by Veterinarian

• Physical exam: Vet palpates a fluid-filled swelling in pinna :contentReference[oaicite:10]{index=10}.
• Aspiration or FNA: Sampling confirms blood origin :contentReference[oaicite:11]{index=11}.
• Investigate cause: Ear exam (otoscopy), cytology, mite check, cultures and possibly blood tests :contentReference[oaicite:12]{index=12}.

🛠️ Treatment Options

A. Needle Aspiration & Medical Management

• Drain hematoma using a needle; may require multiple sessions :contentReference[oaicite:13]{index=13}.
• Post-drain use of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation :contentReference[oaicite:14]{index=14}.
• Only ideal for small hematomas and when anesthesia is risky.
• Higher chance of recurrence (nearly 50%), may take weeks to resolve :contentReference[oaicite:15]{index=15}.

B. Surgical Drainage & Suturing

• Under general anesthesia: open incision, drain fluid, flush capsule :contentReference[oaicite:16]{index=16}.
• Sutures or drainage kits applied (mattress sutures, drains) to keep skin-cartilage contact :contentReference[oaicite:17]{index=17}.
• Bandaging or ear splints help support shape; sutures removed after 1–3 weeks :contentReference[oaicite:18]{index=18}.
• Lowest recurrence and best shape outcomes.

C. Conservative / No Treatment

• Ear will reabsorb over time but scar tissue will permanently deform ear :contentReference[oaicite:19]{index=19}.
• Usually painful and may block ear canal long-term.

📅 Aftercare & Recovery

• Pain relievers like NSAIDs (Onsior) to ease post-procedure discomfort :contentReference[oaicite:20]{index=20}.
• Elizabethan collar to prevent scratching.
• Daily cleaning of incision and bandage monitoring.
• Treat underlying cause (e.g., mites, infection) to prevent recurrence :contentReference[oaicite:21]{index=21}.
• Regular check-ups until full healing (usually 2–4 weeks).

🛡️ Prevention Tips

• Prompt treatment of ear problems—mites, infections, allergies.
• Keep cats indoors and reduce fights or trauma chances.
• Use safe grooming and environmental hygiene.
• Routine vet checks for ear health.

📊 Quick Reference Table