💓 Pacemakers in Dogs and Cats: A Vet's 2025 Guide to Heart Rhythm Support 🐶🐱

By Dr Duncan Houston, BVSc

Just like in people, some dogs and cats suffer from heart rhythm issues that require a pacemaker. This modern medical marvel can bring incredible improvements in energy, activity, and quality of life for pets diagnosed with serious arrhythmias. 🫀🐾

🔍 Why Might My Pet Need a Pacemaker?

The heart naturally sends out an electrical signal to control its rhythm, ensuring the muscle contracts and pumps blood properly. When this electrical system breaks down, two common conditions may result:

• ⚡ Heart block: A failure in electrical transmission
• 🕰️ Sick sinus syndrome: An erratic or absent heartbeat signal

These interruptions cause a dangerously slow heartbeat, leading to symptoms like:

• 😵 Fainting
• 🐢 Exercise intolerance
• 🛌 Lethargy or “slowing down” (often mistaken for aging)

The solution? A pacemaker that “rewires” the heart to provide regular signals and restore a proper rhythm. Once implanted, most pets show dramatic improvement in just days. 💪❤️

🔧 What Is a Pacemaker and How Is It Implanted?

A pacemaker has two key parts:

• 🔋 Pulse Generator: A battery-powered device that monitors and sends electrical signals
• 🔌 Pacing Leads: Special wires that deliver the signal to the heart and monitor rhythm feedback

The generator is about the size of a silver dollar, slightly thicker. In pets, human pacemakers past their shelf-life are often used to reduce costs — making them much more affordable (about 10% the human cost). 💰🐾

⚙️ Placement Procedure

• 🫀 The pacing lead is usually inserted through the jugular vein into the heart
• 🐱 In cats or smaller dogs, leads may be placed through the diaphragm and attached to the heart’s outer wall
• 🔧 The pulse generator is implanted under the skin (neck or shoulder) or inside the abdominal wall

A temporary pacemaker is often used during surgery to stabilize the heart. After placement, adjustments are made using a painless external device. 🩺📡

⚠️ Risks and Complications

As with any surgical procedure, there are some risks. These may include:

• 💉 Reactions to anesthesia
• 🫀 Abnormal heart rhythms
• 🔍 Infection or bleeding
• 🧷 Dislodgement of the pacing lead

Fortunately, most issues are manageable, and pacemaker-related fatalities are rare. ✅

🏠 Home Care After Pacemaker Implantation

🛌 Initial Recovery

• 🐾 Limit activity for 2–3 weeks post-surgery
• 🧵 Sutures are removed after healing
• ⚙️ The cardiologist will adjust the device to match your pet’s heart needs

You might feel the pacemaker under the skin — it will feel like a small metal disc. This is completely normal. 🪙

⚠️ Watch For:

• 🔴 Swelling at the implant site
• 🐶 Any behavior suggesting weakness or collapse

If swelling occurs, always consult the veterinary cardiologist before letting anyone else intervene. 💬

🚫 What to Avoid with a Pet Pacemaker

While most day-to-day life is unaffected, some precautions are necessary:

• 📱 Keep cell phones at least 6 inches away from the device
• 🧲 Avoid strong electromagnetic fields (MRI scans, metal detectors, junkyards)
• 🍲 No microwave interference risk (unless unusually large or close)

🎾 Regular play and gentle activities are usually safe — bumps or light pressure rarely affect the device. 🐕‍🦺

📅 How Often Are Rechecks Needed?

After implantation:

• 📆 Frequent follow-ups during the first few weeks
• 📅 Yearly check-ups to monitor function and battery life

If your pet becomes lethargic or collapses again, immediate evaluation is advised. 🧠🩺

📈 How Long Do Pet Pacemakers Last?

Pacemakers often extend life by several years, especially when the underlying heart is otherwise healthy. While battery life is variable (3–10 years depending on use), most pets don’t outlive their pacemaker. 🔋⏳

📱 Support with Ask A Vet

Managing a pacemaker in your pet can feel overwhelming — but you’re not alone. The Ask A Vet App provides 24/7 access to expert advice, reminders for rechecks, and real-time support. 🐶🐱📲

• 💬 Chat with licensed veterinarians
• 🔔 Get alerts for pacemaker check-ups
• 📋 Track any symptoms or behavior changes

Visit AskAVet.com to get started today. ❤️

🧠 Final Thoughts from Dr Duncan Houston

Pacemakers are life-saving tools that can transform a weak, collapsing pet into a happy, energetic companion again. If your dog or cat has a dangerously slow heart rate, talk to your vet about referral to a veterinary cardiologist. 🐾🫀

With proper placement, monitoring, and care, pets with pacemakers can thrive for years. And with the right support system — including Ask A Vet — your pet’s heart will keep beating strong. 💓🐕🐈