☠️ Rat Poison in Cats: Emergency Vet Guide 2025 🐱

Hello concerned cat guardians! 😢 I’m Dr Duncan Houston BVSc. Rodent poisons—also called **rodenticides**—pose serious and potentially life-threatening risks to cats. In this in-depth 2025 guide, we’ll cover types of rat poison, clinical signs, diagnostics, treatment options, and how Ask A Vet can help you act fast. Let’s keep our feline friends safe! ❤️

1️⃣ Types of Rodenticides & How They Harm

• **Anticoagulant rodenticides** (warfarin, brodifacoum): cause delayed bleeding by depleting vitamin K–dependent clotting factors :contentReference[oaicite:2]{index=2}.
• **Bromethalin**: neurotoxin causing brain edema, tremors, seizures, paralysis :contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3}.
• **Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3)**: causes life-threatening hypercalcemia, kidney and heart damage :contentReference[oaicite:4]{index=4}.
• **Zinc phosphide**: reacts in stomach to form phosphine gas—damages lungs, GI tract :contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5}.

2️⃣ How Cats Are Exposed

• Direct ingestion of bait from the home or yard.
• Secondary poisoning by eating poisoned rodents :contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6}.

3️⃣ Recognizing the Signs (Clinical Presentation)

• **Anticoagulants**: may appear normal for days, then pale gums, bleeding from mouth, nose, internal bleeding (abdomen, lungs) :contentReference[oaicite:7]{index=7}.
• **Bromethalin**: neurologic signs—tremors, ataxia, seizures, paralysis, coma :contentReference[oaicite:8]{index=8}.
• **Cholecalciferol**: vomiting (possibly blood), lethargy, increased thirst/urination, tremors :contentReference[oaicite:9]{index=9}.
• **Zinc phosphide**: vomiting, abdominal pain, respiratory distress, convulsions :contentReference[oaicite:10]{index=10}.

4️⃣ Diagnosis – What Vets Do

• Review exposure history and bait type.
• Physical exam: look for pallor, breathing distress, neurologic signs.
• Bloodwork: clotting profiles (PT/PTT) for anticoagulants, calcium and kidney markers, neurologic imaging.
• Imaging and diagnostics: chest X‑rays, abdominal ultrasound, neurologic evaluation.

5️⃣ Treatment Options by Poison Type

🩺 Anticoagulants

• Induce vomiting + activated charcoal (if recent ingestion) :contentReference[oaicite:11]{index=11}.
• Vitamin K1 supplementation for 3–6 weeks—essential antidote :contentReference[oaicite:12]{index=12}.
• IV fluids, transfusions if bleeding; restrict activity initially :contentReference[oaicite:13]{index=13}.

🧠 Bromethalin

• Decontamination if early; no specific antidote :contentReference[oaicite:14]{index=14}.
• Support with anticonvulsants, IV fluids, manage brain swelling :contentReference[oaicite:15]{index=15}.

🧂 Cholecalciferol

• Gpistol vomiting; activated charcoal :contentReference[oaicite:16]{index=16}.
• IV fluids, diuretics, phosphate binders, glucocorticoids to manage hypercalcemia :contentReference[oaicite:17]{index=17}.
• No specific antidote—hospitalization for days often required :contentReference[oaicite:18]{index=18}.

💨 Zinc Phosphide

• Immediate decontamination; monitor lungs and provide respiratory support if affected :contentReference[oaicite:19]{index=19}.
• Supportive treatment for vomiting, pain, and convulsions.

6️⃣ Home Care & Monitoring

• Strict rest for bleeding cats; supervise symptom management.
• Give all medications as directed—especially vitamin K1.
• Monitor for bleeding, neurologic signs, thirst, urination frequency, behavior changes.
• Attend scheduled rechecks—PT/PTT, calcium, kidney function tests as needed.

7️⃣ Prognosis

• **Anticoagulants**: good with early detection and consistent vitamin K therapy.
• **Bromethalin**: variable; can be poor especially if neurologic signs are advanced.
• **Cholecalciferol**: fair with early care; delayed treatment can cause kidney or heart damage.
• **Zinc phosphide**: variable—depends on exposure amount and lung involvement.

8️⃣ Prevention & Safety Tips

• Avoid use of rodenticides if you have pets; opt for traps or exclusion methods :contentReference[oaicite:20]{index=20}.
• Place baits in tamper-resistant stations out of reach from cats.
• Keep cats indoors or under supervision, especially in areas with rodent bait usage.
• Watch for prey ingestion—discard any prey your cat brings in.

9️⃣ When to Contact Ask A Vet 📲

We're here 24/7 when your cat shows:

• Any bleeding (gums, vomiting blood, pale gums)
• Neurologic signs (tremors, ataxia, seizures)
• Vomiting, increased thirst/urination, respiratory trouble, or collapse
• Need help recognizing rodenticide type or dosing vitamin K1

Ask A Vet helps assess urgency, guide decontamination steps, clarify treatment, and support follow-through until in-clinic care is arranged. Your prompt action can save your cat’s life! ❤️🐾

🔟 Quick Reference Table 📊

💡 Dr Duncan’s Takeaway

Rodenticide poisoning is a veterinary emergency. Knowing the type, exposure history, and symptoms helps guide treatment. Whether it’s vitamin K1 therapy, anticonvulsants, or intensive care, early response is critical. Ask A Vet offers 24/7 expert guidance to keep you calm and informed when every second counts. 😊🐾

Dr Duncan Houston BVSc — your partner in feline emergency care. Visit AskAVet.com and download our app for immediate support anytime. 📱