Roundworm & Gastrointestinal Parasites in Birds 2025 🐦 | Vet Guide by Dr Duncan Houston BVSc

Gastrointestinal parasites—including roundworms, gapeworms, and protozoa like giardia—are common in pet and backyard birds. They can cause weight loss, diarrhea, poor feather condition, and in severe cases, intestinal blockage or airway obstruction. This 2025 vet-approved guide explores the signs, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention to protect your flock’s health.

1. 🧬 Common GI Parasites in Birds

• Roundworms (Ascaridia, Heterakis, Syngamus/gapeworm): Nematodes living in intestines or airway; transmitted through egg ingestion from soil/environment :contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3}.
• Gapeworms (Syngamus trachea): Lungs/trachea; birds gasp and neck-stretch; airway blockage then death :contentReference[oaicite:4]{index=4}.
• Protozoa (Giardia, Trichomonas): Cause malabsorption, diarrhea, crop lesions; giardiasis common in parrots :contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5}.

2. 🚩 Symptoms to Watch

• Weight loss, poor condition, lethargy
• Diarrhea or “popcorn-like” droppings (giardia) :contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6}
• Visible worms in droppings; enlarged/distended intestines (roundworms) :contentReference[oaicite:7]{index=7}
• Gasping, open-mouth breathing, neck stretching (gapeworm) :contentReference[oaicite:8]{index=8}
• Regurgitation, crop changes (Trichomonas) :contentReference[oaicite:9]{index=9}

3. 🔬 Diagnosis

• Fecal flotation or microscopic exams detect eggs or cysts
• Saline smears or PCR/ELISA for giardia or trichomonas :contentReference[oaicite:10]{index=10}
• Occasionally airway tracheal swabs for gapeworm
• Imaging in severe blockages

4. 💊 Treatment Protocols

4.1 Roundworms & Gapeworms

• Oral anthelmintics: ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg), fenbendazole (20–50 mg/kg), pyrantel pamoate (4.5 mg/kg); repeat after 10–14 days :contentReference[oaicite:11]{index=11}.
• Gapeworms: fenbendazole or levamisole; airway cases need urgent treatment :contentReference[oaicite:12]{index=12}.
• Surgery may be necessary if worms block intestines :contentReference[oaicite:13]{index=13}.

4.2 Protozoal Parasites (Giardia, Trichomonas)

• Metronidazole (25–50 mg/kg q12–24h for 5‑7d), ronidazole, or carnidazole :contentReference[oaicite:14]{index=14}.

5. 🏠 Environmental Control & Flock Treatment

• Treat all birds in the same environment to disrupt the cycle :contentReference[oaicite:15]{index=15}.
• Clean and disinfect cage surfaces, perches, bowls, substrate weekly.
• Use soil-free feeders, raise waterers above ground to avoid fecal contamination.
• Change bedding regularly; clear droppings daily.
• Treat outdoor aviary soil with rotation or disinfection; earthworms/snails may harbor eggs :contentReference[oaicite:16]{index=16}.

6. ✅ Prevention Tips

• Quarantine and fecal-test new birds for 4–6 weeks.
• Scheduled deworming every 6 months in outdoor aviaries :contentReference[oaicite:17]{index=17}.
• Maintain clean housing, good hygiene, quality diet, and reduce stress.
• Monitor for re-infection via periodic fecal exams.

7. 🧭 Prognosis & Follow-Up

• Mild to moderate infestations respond well to treatment.
• Severe infestations or blockage require surgery.
• Repeat diagnostics via fecal exams after 2 weeks to confirm eradication.
• Maintain regular health checkups and screening.

8. 🧡 Final Thoughts

GI parasites in birds can range from mild discomfort to life-threatening conditions. Early recognition, accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and environmental management are key. Routine care and vigilance will protect your flock’s health and happiness. 😊🐦

— Dr Duncan Houston BVSc

👉 For dosing charts, fecal test guides, or deworming schedules, visit AskAVet.com or download the Ask A Vet app. Your avian vet support is always just a click away! 📱✨