Vet Guide 2025: Burmese Python Care & Conservation by Dr Duncan Houston 🩺🐍

Hello! I’m Dr Duncan Houston, BVSc and founder of Ask A Vet. This extensive 2025 guide covers everything you need to know about the Burmese python (Python bivittatus): from its impressive size and healthcare needs to enclosure requirements, feeding, handling safety, and its complex role as both a vulnerable native species and an invasive menace. 🐍

1. Species Profile & Conservation Status

The Burmese python (Python bivittatus) is among the world’s largest snakes, native to Southeast Asia across a wide range, habitat including swamps, marshes, river valleys, forests, and grasslands :contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3}. It is listed as Vulnerable by IUCN due to habitat loss and harvesting :contentReference[oaicite:4]{index=4}. A single subspecies, the dwarf Burmese python, exists too.

2. Size, Lifespan & Morphs

• Hatchlings: ~22 in (56 cm), 4 oz (113 g) :contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5}.
• Females: 13–18 ft (4–5.4 m), some exceed 19 ft; up to 200+ lb :contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6}.
• Males: 8–14 ft (2.4–4.2 m), occasionally reaching 17 ft :contentReference[oaicite:7]{index=7}.
• Lifespan: >20 yrs average, over 28 yrs recorded :contentReference[oaicite:8]{index=8}.
• Morphs: Albino, patternless/green, labyrinth, granite, and dwarf forms :contentReference[oaicite:9]{index=9}.

3. Enclosure & Environmental Needs

3.1 Scale of Housing

Due to their size and strength, Burmese pythons require large, secure enclosures. Juveniles can begin life in 4 × 2 × 2 ft spaces, but adults need at least 7 × 3 × 2 ft—and larger for full-grown individuals :contentReference[oaicite:10]{index=10}.

3.2 Temperature & Humidity

• Warm side: 90–95 °F bask zone; cool end: ~85 °F; night: not below 75–80 °F :contentReference[oaicite:11]{index=11}.
• Maintain moderate humidity with good ventilation—mist and include a humid hide but prevent stagnation to avoid respiratory issues :contentReference[oaicite:12]{index=12}.
• Use dual thermometers and thermostats to monitor both hot and cool zones :contentReference[oaicite:13]{index=13}.

3.3 Lighting & Substrate

• UVB is optional but beneficial as snakes receive UV exposure naturally :contentReference[oaicite:14]{index=14}.
• Substrate options include bark chip, soil/leaf mix for bioactive setups; avoid sand or gravel :contentReference[oaicite:15]{index=15}.
• Provide sturdy hides, climbing logs, and a water bowl large enough for soaking :contentReference[oaicite:16]{index=16}.

4. Feeding & Nutrition

Burmese pythons eat appropriately sized prey whole—beginning with mice, progressing to rats, then rabbits or poultry as size increases :contentReference[oaicite:17]{index=17}. Juveniles feed every 4–5 days; adults every 10–14 to 21 days :contentReference[oaicite:18]{index=18}.

• Feed prey no wider than the snake’s body.
• Offer prey with tongs to avoid accidental bites.
• Avoid live feeding to prevent injury or disease.
• Do not handle within 24 hrs of feeding to prevent regurgitation :contentReference[oaicite:19]{index=19}.

5. Health, Quarantine & Disease Prevention

• Quarantine: Isolate new snakes 3–6 months to prevent spread of Inclusion Body Disease (IBD) and other pathogens :contentReference[oaicite:20]{index=20}.
• Respiratory care: Avoid overly damp, stagnant conditions—prevent infections :contentReference[oaicite:21]{index=21}.
• Parasite screening: Monitor fecal health annually.
• Temperature regulation: Critical—sub-optimal heat suppresses immune systems :contentReference[oaicite:22]{index=22}.

6. Handling Safety & Behavior

Despite their nominal docile reputation, Burmese pythons require experienced, cautious handling. Their bite and constriction strength pose serious risk :contentReference[oaicite:23]{index=23}. Best practices include:

• Use tools (hooks), not hands, when feeding or managing.
• Only handle with at least one assistant—especially for adults :contentReference[oaicite:24]{index=24}.
• Avoid wrapping them around the neck.
• Monitor their body language: hissing, coiling, head elevation indicate stress.

7. Conservation & Invasive Impact

7.1 Native Range

Vulnerable in Southeast Asia due to habitat loss and exploitation. Listed on CITES Appendix II :contentReference[oaicite:25]{index=25}.

7.2 Invasive Threat in Florida

Released or escaped pets established a breeding population in the Everglades starting in the 1990s. They have consumed massive numbers of native mammals—racoon, rabbit, opossum—and may number 100,000–300,000 in the wild :contentReference[oaicite:26]{index=26}.

• Reaching up to 20 ft and over 100 kg :contentReference[oaicite:27]{index=27}.
• Programs like the Python Elimination Program and Python Challenge help control their population—but eradication is improbable :contentReference[oaicite:28]{index=28}.
• Human risk is low, but caution around wild pythons is advised :contentReference[oaicite:29]{index=29}.

8. Real‑World Reminder

In September 2024, a 13.2 ft albino Burmese named “Mango” was surrendered after outgrowing a 5 ft tank; the owner was cited and the snake was transferred to a zoo with permits :contentReference[oaicite:30]{index=30}. This highlights the importance of responsible planning and appropriate housing.

9. Ask A Vet Support for Python Owners

Need expert support? The Ask A Vet app provides live access to experienced reptile veterinarians for:

• Pre-purchase guidance and setup planning
• Health assessments and disease screening
• Handling training and bite prevention
• Emergency advice and illness triage

Ensure your massive companion lives a long, healthy life—download today at AskAVet.com 🐍📱

10. Summary & Final Thoughts

The Burmese python is a truly majestic reptile—butnot for the casual pet owner. Meeting their needs requires ample space, controlled environments, seasoned handling, and veterinary vigilance. In their native range they’re vulnerable, and in Florida they’re ecological threats. As a responsible owner, veterinarian, or educator, your care and knowledge matter. Use this guide and ask A Vet support to give these incredible snakes the respect—and care—they deserve. 🩺🌿

— Dr Duncan Houston, BVSc