👂 Aural Hematoma in Dogs and Cats – Dr Duncan Houston, 2025
An aural hematoma is a painful swelling in the ear flap caused by broken blood vessels and fluid buildup. 🩸 It occurs more commonly in dogs but can affect cats as well. When pets shake their heads aggressively due to irritation—like an ear infection or mites—it can rupture vessels in the earflap, forming a soft, balloon-like bulge. 🐾
🔍 What Is an Aural Hematoma?
A hematoma is swelling caused by internal bleeding. In the earflap, this occurs when a vessel bursts and the space fills with blood. The ear becomes heavy, painful, and may block the ear canal. Left untreated, it can scar and deform the ear. ☹️
🩺 When Is Treatment Needed?
- 🛑 If the ear canal is blocked by the swelling.
- 😖 If the pet seems in pain or is frequently shaking the head.
- 🎯 To prevent permanent narrowing of the ear canal or disfigurement.
- 📸 For cosmetic reasons or show animals.
⚕️ Treatment Options
💉 Aspiration
This involves using a syringe to remove fluid. It's quick but often temporary. Fluid may return, and repeated aspirations may be necessary. 🧪
🧵 Pie-Crusting Sutures
Surgery creates a small incision to drain fluid, followed by multiple stitches (like quilting) to prevent refilling. Sutures stay in for about 3 weeks. 🧷
🧼 Teat Cannula Placement
A small device is inserted to allow drainage over time. Effective but requires the pet to tolerate the implant. 🐄
🔄 What If an Infection Is Present?
Often the cause of head shaking is an ear infection. Both the hematoma and underlying condition must be treated together for best results. 🦠
❓ Can It Heal Without Treatment?
Yes, but it may take months. ⏳ This approach can lead to severe scarring ("cauliflower ear") and is uncomfortable. In cats, untreated hematomas often narrow the ear canal permanently. 🐱
🐱 Special Considerations for Cats
Feline ear cartilage is more delicate. Without proper treatment, deformation and long-term ear infections are more likely. Bandages and e-collars are commonly needed post-op. 😿
🏥 Summary
🐶 Aural hematomas are common ear injuries that require careful management. Whether treated surgically or medically, it's important to address the underlying cause—often infection or parasites. With proper care, most pets recover fully and comfortably. 💕
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