Newborn Foal Care: 2025 Vet Guide by Dr Duncan Houston 🐴👶

Hello! I’m Dr Duncan Houston, veterinarian and founder of AskAVet.com. Welcoming a foal is thrilling—and the first hours shape lifelong health. This 2025 guide offers a veterinary roadmap: from critical timelines and colostrum ingestion, to navel care, vital monitoring, nursing behavior, environmental setup, and early exams. Let’s set your foal up for success! 🌟

⏱️ Key Timelines for the First Few Hours

• Within 1 hour: foal should be standing with minimal help.
• By 2 hours: should be nursing colostrum — received through mare’s first milk for immunity :contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3}.
• By 3 hours: placenta should be passed—retained membranes → risk of infection or laminitis :contentReference[oaicite:4]{index=4}.
• Within 9–12 hours: meconium passed :contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5}.
• Within 12 hours: urination should occur :contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6}.

🍼 Colostrum & Immunity

Colostrum is rich in antibodies and must be ingested within the first 24 hours, ideally 2–3 quarts in the first 6–8 hrs :contentReference[oaicite:7]{index=7}. Failure to receive sufficient antibodies necessitates veterinary assistance—possible plasma transfusions.

🧼 Navel Care & Hygiene

Immediately dip the navel in antiseptic (chlorhexidine or iodine) to prevent infection :contentReference[oaicite:8]{index=8}. Provide a clean, disinfected stall to reduce environmental contamination.

🔍 Vital Signs & Behavior Checks

• Temperature: 99–102 °F; HR: 80–120 bpm; RR: 20–40 bpm :contentReference[oaicite:9]{index=9}.
• Gait: foal alternates rest, play, nursing and stays near mare :contentReference[oaicite:10]{index=10}.
• Watch for weakness, trouble nursing, empty gut sounds—these require urgent attention :contentReference[oaicite:11]{index=11}.

👶 Observational Milestones

• Standing: within 1 hr; Nursing: by 2 hrs; Meconium and urination: by 12 hrs :contentReference[oaicite:12]{index=12}.
• Laboratory exam ~24 hrs post-birth to assess IgG levels :contentReference[oaicite:13]{index=13}.

📍 Environment & Stall Setup

• Quiet, low-stress stall with deep clean bedding allows safe rest and bonding :contentReference[oaicite:14]{index=14}.
• Ensure protection from drafts and crowding; secure fencing away from other horses :contentReference[oaicite:15]{index=15}.

🩺 Vet Visit & Neonatal Screening

• Veterinary exam within 24 hrs—check vitals, IgG, navel, reflexes, joints :contentReference[oaicite:16]{index=16}.
• Foals showing signs of neonatal maladjustment (wandering, weak suckle) may require advanced therapies like Madigan squeeze :contentReference[oaicite:17]{index=17}.

🐴 Nutrition & Mare Care

• Mare should have water and forage immediately to support milk production :contentReference[oaicite:18]{index=18}.
• Ensure mare is up-to-date on vaccines and dewormed for colostral quality.

🔁 Early Monitoring & Bonding

• Limit handling to essential checks; avoid disrupting mare–foal bonding :contentReference[oaicite:19]{index=19}.
• Observe shy nursing—some first-time mares may need assistance or mild pain relief :contentReference[oaicite:20]{index=20}.

📋 2025 Vet Quick Foal Care Chart

🌟 Final Thoughts from Your 2025 Vet

Early hours set the tone for lifelong health. By monitoring timelines, ensuring colostrum intake, applying navel care, and scheduling veterinary screening, you’re giving your foal a robust start. 🐎✨

📲 Use the AskAVet.com app to log milestones, share photos/videos, get live alerts, and connect with neonatal specialists. Expert support is always just a click away. 💙