Vet Guide 2025: How to Tell if Your Lizard Is Sick by Dr Duncan Houston 🩺🦎

Hello! I’m Dr Duncan Houston, BVSc and founder of Ask A Vet. Lizards hide illness until symptoms are severe, so detecting warning signs early is essential. This 2025 guide covers the top clinical cues—appetite, activity, physiology, breathing, appearance, feces/stool changes, and more—and explains when to seek veterinary care promptly.

1. Appetite Loss 🍽️

Reptiles typically eat with gusto. A single skipped meal or ignoring live prey is a red flag. Unusual feeding refusal—even briefly—warrants attention :contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3}.

2. Decreased Fecal Output

Fewer droppings—particularly the green/brown stool part—suggest reduced intake, slowed digestion, or dehydration. These signs often coincide with inappetence. If observed, soak in clean water and seek vet evaluation :contentReference[oaicite:4]{index=4}.

3. Lethargy & Abnormal Posture

Healthy lizards are alert—pushing up, climbing, exploring. Sick lizards may lie flat, hide, or slither slowly like snakes. Weak posture or hiding indicate illness :contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5}.

4. Sunken Eyes, Dehydration Signs

Sunken eyes, dry mucous membranes, sticky saliva, retained shed—especially on digits—signify dehydration. Quick hydration (soaking, misting) and vet assessment are vital :contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6}.

5. Weight Loss & Loss of Muscle Tone

Skeletal or tail thinning in species like geckos, or loss of body mass, often appears late. Monitor weight and body condition weekly—sudden drops require evaluation :contentReference[oaicite:7]{index=7}.

6. Respiratory Signs

Watch for wheezing, open-mouth breathing, tail bobbing, nasal or eye discharge. Such signs—possibly from pneumonia, URI, or low temperature/humidity—require vet attention and adjustments to heating/humidity :contentReference[oaicite:8]{index=8}.

7. Abnormal Shedding & Skin Lesions

Retained shed (dysecdysis), patches, sores, swelling, discoloration, or lesions signal systemic disease, burns, parasites, or dermatological infection. Prompt diagnosis is essential :contentReference[oaicite:9]{index=9}.

8. Behavioral & Neurological Changes

Mood shifts (hide more), abnormal postures, poor righting response, tremors, head tilt, seizures, or lack of tongue flicking may indicate serious issues—like metabolic bone disease, neurological disorder, or toxicity :contentReference[oaicite:10]{index=10}.

9. Gastrointestinal Signs: Vomit & Diarrhea

Vomiting or regurgitation is a veterinary emergency. Diarrhea, constipation, or blood in feces often point to infections, parasites, impaction, or cryptosporidiosis—a serious, often fatal protozoal disease in leopard geckos :contentReference[oaicite:11]{index=11}.

10. Eye and Nasal Discharge

Discharge from the eyes or nose, especially with swelling, indicates respiratory infection or vitamin deficiencies (like vitamin A). These require veterinarian investigation :contentReference[oaicite:12]{index=12}.

11. Preventive Monitoring & Husbandry

• Track daily appetite, weekly weight, droppings, water use, behavior :contentReference[oaicite:13]{index=13}.
• Maintain proper temperature, humidity, UVB, and diet.
• Quarantine new lizards 3–6 months to screen for disease :contentReference[oaicite:14]{index=14}.

12. When to See a Vet

Veterinary attention is urgent if any of the following occur:

• Appetite loss for >48 hours
• Repeated vomiting or failure to produce droppings
• Respiratory distress, discharge, neurological or severe behavioral changes
• Extreme weight loss, dehydration, sunken eyes
• Visible wounds, skin lesions, or shedding problems

13. Ask A Vet Support

The Ask A Vet app connects you with reptile-savvy vets anytime. We can help interpret symptoms, advise home changes, or triage emergencies quickly—visit AskAVet.com 🦎📱

14. Final Thoughts: Monitor, Notice, Act

Your observant care is the key to early detection of illness in lizards. In 2025, being proactive about monitoring and prompt veterinary consultation can be lifesaving. With good monitoring, proper husbandry, and Ask A Vet support, your reptilian companion can thrive for years.

— Dr Duncan Houston, BVSc