🐾 Vet’s Guide to Bilious Vomiting Syndrome (BVS) in Cats: Causes, Treatment & Prevention in 2025 🐾

By Dr Duncan Houston BVSc

Bilious vomiting syndrome (BVS) is a condition where cats vomit bile, typically in the early morning or late at night, often due to an empty stomach. While more common in dogs, BVS can affect cats and is characterized by intermittent vomiting of yellow or greenish fluid. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options is essential for cat owners, especially in Australia, where feeding schedules and environmental factors may influence feline health.

🔬 Understanding Bilious Vomiting Syndrome

BVS occurs when bile enters the stomach from the small intestine, causing irritation and vomiting. This usually happens when the stomach is empty for prolonged periods, leading to bile accumulation and subsequent vomiting. Cats with BVS often vomit in the early morning or late at night, just before their next meal. ^PetMD

🦠 Causes and Risk Factors

Several factors can contribute to the development of BVS in cats:

• 🐾 Infrequent Feeding: Cats fed once daily are more prone to BVS due to extended periods without food.
• 🐾 Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders: Conditions that affect the movement of food through the digestive tract can lead to bile accumulation.
• 🐾 Stress: Environmental stressors may exacerbate digestive issues.
• 🐾 Diet: High-fat diets can increase bile production, potentially leading to BVS. ^PetShun

🐱 Recognizing Symptoms

Common signs of BVS include:

• 🐾 Vomiting yellow or greenish bile, especially in the early morning or late at night
• 🐾 Nausea or drooling
• 🐾 Decreased appetite
• 🐾 Weight loss over time
• 🐾 Lethargy

It's important to note that these symptoms can also indicate other health issues. Therefore, a thorough veterinary examination is necessary to rule out other conditions. ^PetMD

🧪 Diagnosing BVS

Diagnosis involves ruling out other potential causes of vomiting:

• 🐾 Medical History: Detailed information about feeding schedules, diet, and vomiting episodes.
• 🐾 Physical Examination: Assessing overall health and identifying any abnormalities.
• 🐾 Laboratory Tests: Blood tests, urinalysis, and fecal examinations to check for infections or organ dysfunction.
• 🐾 Imaging: Ultrasound or X-rays to visualize the gastrointestinal tract and rule out obstructions or tumors. ^PetShun

💊 Treatment Options

Managing BVS focuses on dietary changes and, in some cases, medication:

• 🐾 Frequent Small Meals: Feeding smaller portions multiple times a day, including a late-night snack, to prevent an empty stomach.
• 🐾 Dietary Adjustments: Low-fat, easily digestible diets may reduce bile production and gastrointestinal irritation.
• 🐾 Medications: In some cases, veterinarians may prescribe medications to enhance gastric motility or reduce stomach acid. ^PetMD

🛡️ Preventive Measures

Preventing BVS involves maintaining a consistent feeding schedule and monitoring your cat's health:

• 🐾 Regular Feeding Times: Establishing consistent meal times to prevent prolonged fasting.
• 🐾 Stress Reduction: Minimizing environmental stressors that may affect your cat's digestive health.
• 🐾 Routine Veterinary Check-ups: Regular health assessments to detect and address any underlying issues early.

📍 Considerations for Australian Cat Owners

In Australia, factors such as climate and lifestyle may influence feeding schedules and stress levels in cats. Ensuring indoor cats have environmental enrichment and outdoor cats have safe access to food can help mitigate the risk of BVS. Additionally, consulting with local veterinarians familiar with regional factors can provide tailored advice.

📱 Stay Informed with Ask A Vet

For personalized advice and support, consider downloading the Ask A Vet app. Our platform connects you with licensed veterinarians for real-time consultations, helping you keep your feline friend healthy and happy.

🐾 Download the Ask A Vet app today and ensure your cat's well-being is always a tap away! 📲