🐾 Vet’s Guide to Bone Hemangiosarcoma in Cats: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment in 2025 🐾

By Dr Duncan Houston BVSc

Bone hemangiosarcoma is a rare but aggressive cancer in cats, originating from the endothelial cells lining blood vessels within bones. This comprehensive guide provides Australian cat owners with up-to-date information on the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of bone hemangiosarcoma in 2025.

🔬 Understanding Bone Hemangiosarcoma

Hemangiosarcoma is a malignant tumor arising from endothelial cells, which line the interior surface of blood vessels. When this cancer affects the bones, it can compromise structural integrity, leading to fractures and other complications. The most commonly affected bones in cats include the limbs and ribs, but it can occur in other locations as well. ^[1]

🦠 Causes of Bone Hemangiosarcoma

The exact cause of bone hemangiosarcoma in cats remains unknown. However, several factors may contribute to its development:

• 🐾 Age: Most commonly affects older cats, typically over 10 years of age.
• 🐾 Genetic Predisposition: Some studies suggest a potential genetic component.
• 🐾 Environmental Factors: Exposure to certain chemicals or toxins may increase risk.
• 🐾 Immune System Dysfunction: Compromised immune systems may be more susceptible.

🐱 Recognizing Symptoms

Symptoms of bone hemangiosarcoma can vary and may be subtle initially but progress over time:

• 🐾 Lameness or limping
• 🐾 Swelling at the affected site
• 🐾 Pain upon palpation of the affected area
• 🐾 Fractures without a history of trauma
• 🐾 Lethargy and decreased activity levels
• 🐾 Pale mucous membranes
• 🐾 Anemia due to blood loss from ruptured tumors

🧪 Diagnosis

Diagnosing bone hemangiosarcoma involves several diagnostic tests:

• 🐾 Physical Examination: Assessing for swelling, pain, and lameness.
• 🐾 Radiography: X-rays reveal bone lesions and potential fractures.
• 🐾 Computed Tomography (CT) Scans: Provide detailed imaging of bone structures.
• 🐾 Biopsy: Confirms the presence of malignant endothelial cells.
• 🐾 Blood Tests: Evaluate for anemia, thrombocytopenia, and other abnormalities.

💊 Treatment Options

Treatment focuses on controlling the disease and alleviating symptoms:

• 🐾 Surgical Removal: Amputation of the affected limb may be necessary.
• 🐾 Chemotherapy: Medications like doxorubicin can help control metastasis.
• 🐾 Radiation Therapy: May be used for pain management and tumor control.
• 🐾 Supportive Care: Includes pain management, nutritional support, and monitoring.

🛡️ Prevention Strategies

While specific prevention strategies for bone hemangiosarcoma are limited due to its unknown cause, general health maintenance can aid in early detection and management:

• 🐾 Regular veterinary check-ups and imaging when indicated.
• 🐾 Monitoring for signs of lameness, swelling, or pain.
• 🐾 Maintaining a balanced diet and healthy lifestyle for your cat.
• 🐾 Minimizing exposure to potential environmental toxins.

📍 Considerations for Australian Cat Owners

In Australia, certain environmental factors and regional diseases may influence the risk of bone hemangiosarcoma. It's essential to consult with local veterinarians who are familiar with area-specific risks and preventive measures.

📱 Stay Informed with Ask A Vet

For personalized advice and support, consider downloading the Ask A Vet app. Our platform connects you with licensed veterinarians for real-time consultations, helping you keep your feline friend healthy and happy.

🐾 Download the Ask A Vet app today and ensure your cat's well-being is always a tap away! 📲