Why Do Cats Knead? A Vet’s 2025 Guide to “Making Biscuits” 🐱🍞

By Dr Duncan Houston BVSc, Ask A Vet Blog

Ever had your cat rhythmically press their paws into your lap or a soft blanket, purring away like they’re baking bread? That adorable instinct, known as kneading, is packed with meaning. In 2025, veterinary research reveals kneading as a multifaceted behavior rooted in comfort, communication, instinct, and even health. Let's explore why cats knead and how you can support it—safely and lovingly.

1. 👶 Infant Comfort & Maternal Bonds

Kittens knead while nursing to stimulate their mother's milk flow—a reflexive action that, when grown, continues to evoke comfort and reassurance :contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3}.

• Even adult cats sometimes suckle on soft items during kneading—this “kitten behavior” helps them feel calm :contentReference[oaicite:4]{index=4}.

2. 🛏️ Nest-Making Instinct

This behavior may carry over from wild ancestors who kneaded grass to prepare nesting sites :contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5}.

• Your cat might knead blankets, cushions—or you—to fluff and shape a cozy resting spot :contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6}.

3. 🏷️ Scent Marking & Territory

Inside a cat's paw pads lie scent glands. Kneading spreads pheromones, marking objects or people as “safe” and “familiar” :contentReference[oaicite:7]{index=7}.

• It’s a loving claim—your cat is saying, *you belong to me*.

4. 💆 Self-Soothing & Stress Relief

Kneading releases dopamine and oxytocin—feel-good hormones—helping cats calm down :contentReference[oaicite:8]{index=8}.

• If your cat kneads more during stressful times, it might be trying to self-soothe :contentReference[oaicite:9]{index=9}.

5. 🧘 Physical Stretch & Muscle Comfort

Kneading also supports stretching—especially after sleep or for cats with joint issues like arthritis :contentReference[oaicite:10]{index=10}.

• Those alternating limb pushes help tense muscles relax and might ease joint pain.

6. ❤️ Affection & Bonding

When your cat kneads you—with or without purring—they're expressing deep affection and comfort with your presence :contentReference[oaicite:11]{index=11}.

• Veterinary experts confirm: kneading on people is a strong sign of affection and trust :contentReference[oaicite:12]{index=12}.

7. 🔁 Heat-Driven Behavior

Unspayed females may knead more when in heat—a behavior tied to reproductive signaling :contentReference[oaicite:13]{index=13}.

• If this coincides with other heat signs, spaying may help manage hormonal behavior :contentReference[oaicite:14]{index=14}.

8. ⚠️ When Kneading Could Signal a Problem

Although often harmless, changes in kneading patterns or compulsive behavior may hint at issues:

• Excessive kneading accompanied by restlessness, excessive self-grooming, or hidden discomfort? These could point to anxiety or pain—consult your vet :contentReference[oaicite:15]{index=15}.
• Sudden, intense kneading might indicate joint or muscle pain—particularly in older or arthritic cats :contentReference[oaicite:16]{index=16}.

9. ✅ Healthy Kneading Guidelines & Safe Handling

• Trim claws regularly or use soft claws to prevent scratches during kneading :contentReference[oaicite:17]{index=17}.
• Use a special “knead blanket” to redirect behavior—reward your cat when they use it :contentReference[oaicite:18]{index=18}.
• Avoid punishment—kneading is instinctive and should never be suppressed by force :contentReference[oaicite:19]{index=19}.
• Monitor patterns—sudden change in frequency, intensity, or target may warrant veterinary attention.

10. 🛡️ 2025 Kneading Behavior Checklist

• ✔ Normal signs: stretching, slow and calm kneading, purring, sucking.
• ✔ Marking signs: soft, scent-based contact; they seem content.
• ✔ Stressed or anxious? Kneading plus flattening ears, tail twitching, or hiding.
• ✔ Pain indicators: vigorous kneading, limited mobility, vocalizing during movement.
• ✔ Heat cycles: kneading combined with yowling and posturing.

🛠️ Ask A Vet, Woopf & Purrz Support

• Ask A Vet App: Send a video if kneading seems off—get expert advice on whether it’s affectionate or a medical concern.
• Woopf: Offers comfy knead blankets, soft padding, and claw management tools at home.
• Purrz: Provides soft knee pads, pheromone diffusers to enhance calm, and educational cuddle kits to foster safe bonding.

❤️ Final Thoughts from Dr Houston

Kneading is one of a cat’s most charming expressions—rooted in nursing comfort, nest-making instincts, warmth, scent marking, stretching, and bonding. In 2025, understanding it helps deepen our connection and supports their emotional and physical health. Let your cat knead, help them do it safely, and watch for any shifts that could indicate stress or pain. Curious about your cat’s ritual or looking for personalized support? Tap into the Ask A Vet app, and explore Woopf and Purrz products for nurturing, loving cat care. Here's to many more happy “biscuit-making” sessions! 🐾💞